Voice Change

Voice change can arise from a variety of causes, ranging from temporary infections to structural abnormalities.
Common causes include:
Upper Respiratory Infections: Viral laryngitis is a leading cause, often linked to colds or the flu.
Vocal Strain or Misuse: Excessive shouting, singing, or talking can inflame the vocal cords.
Gastroesophageal Reflux (GERD): Stomach acid can irritate the larynx, leading to hoarseness.
Smoking and Alcohol Use: Both can lead to chronic irritation and damage to the vocal cords.
Neurological Conditions: Disorders like Parkinson’s disease or stroke can affect vocal cord function.
Benign Vocal Cord Lesions: Such as nodules, polyps, or cysts from overuse.
Thyroid or Neck Surgery: May affect nerves that control the voice.
Tumors or Cancer of the Larynx or Surrounding Areas: Especially if the hoarseness is persistent and unexplained.

Yes, in some cases, a persistent voice change can be an early sign of laryngeal (voice box) cancer or other head and neck cancers. Red flags include:
•   Hoarseness lasting more than 3 weeks
•   No recent history of cold or infection
•   Associated symptoms like difficulty swallowing, neck lumps, throat pain, or ear pain
•   A history of smoking or heavy alcohol use
•   Cancers in the throat, thyroid, lungs, or near the recurrent laryngeal nerve can also impact the voice. Early evaluation by an ENT specialist or head and neck surgeon is critical for timely diagnosis and treatment.

While voice changes are often benign and self-limiting, persistent or unexplained hoarseness should not be ignored. Early medical evaluation is key, particularly for individuals at risk of head and neck cancers. Prompt diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve outcomes and help preserve both health and voice.